Final answer:
Export-oriented industrialization provided third world nations with access to foreign exchange necessary to purchase first world technology, although it also left them vulnerable to exploitation and loss of political control.
Step-by-step explanation:
For third world nations, export-oriented industrialization resulted primarily in access to foreign exchange for the purchase of first world technology. This outcome is supported by historical patterns of trade and economy where industrialized nations controlled the flow of resources and dictated the terms of trade. With newer forms of transportation and communication, as well as advancements in technology, imperialistic practices allowed industrialized nations to source cheap raw materials from less developed countries, thereby limiting the latter's control over their own economic destinies.
However, this arrangement also provided those developing nations with the necessary foreign exchange to acquire advanced technology from the first world. This helped to somewhat modernize their economies, despite the fact that they often faced exploitation and a loss of political control to foreign business interests and multinational corporations.