Final answer:
The shape and size of the sciatic notch, subpubic angle, and sacrum can determine sex. Examining the epiphyseal plates of the femur can also provide clues about the individual's age and sex.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sex of an individual can be determined using the femur, a long bone in the thigh region. One method of determining sex is by examining the shape and size of the sciatic notch of the hip bone, which is narrower and deeper in males compared to females. Additionally, the subpubic angle, distance between anterior superior iliac spines, and the shape of the sacrum can also provide clues about the sex of an individual.
Another method is by examining the epiphyseal plates of the femur, which are growth plates located near the ends of the bone. These plates undergo a process called ossification, where they eventually fuse with the diaphysis of the bone. The timing of the fusion of these plates can indicate the approximate age of an individual, which in turn can help determine their sex.