Final answer:
The term 1) 'allusion' in literature signifies an indirect reference, typically to another literary work or a cultural/historical event, to evoke deeper meanings without explicit mention.
Step-by-step explanation:
The word 'allusion' refers to an indirect reference to something without explicitly stating it. This literary device is often used by authors and poets to evoke particular meanings or associations in the reader's mind. An allusion can be a powerful tool because it allows the writer to convey complex ideas succinctly and with a depth of meaning that relies on the reader's own knowledge and experiences.
For example, if a poem includes an allusion to the Bible, it is not directly quoting or mentioning the Bible but rather referring to it indirectly through a phrase, situation, or character that evokes Biblical themes or stories. This technique can enrich the text by adding layers of meaning and can also create resonance with the reader concerning the referenced work or idea. So, among the presented options, 1) An indirect reference is the correct meaning of 'allusion'.