Final answer:
Octavian married Scribonia in 37 BCE but soon divorced her to marry Livia Drusilla, who had two sons, Tiberius and Drusus, from a previous marriage. Having offspring was essential in Roman society for maintaining family lines and avoiding legal and social repercussions. Emperor Augustus, known as Octavian earlier, promoted laws for proper marriage but faced family scandals himself.
Step-by-step explanation:
In 37 BCE, Octavian married Scribonia, but he divorced her the same year to marry Livia Drusilla. Livia's children from her previous marriage to Tiberius Claudius Nero were Tiberius and Drusus. These alliances were significant in Roman political and social contexts, as having children was crucial for Roman citizens to fulfill their social duty and avoid legal penalties. The importance of heirs and the continuation of a family line were paramount in Roman society, as seen in various historical accounts and inscriptions from the era.
Furthermore, Emperor Augustus, previously known as Octavian, implemented moral laws to encourage proper Roman marriage and the production of children. Despite his efforts to enforce societal standards, his own family faced public scandals. This highlights the complexities of adhering to the strict moral guidelines he set for Roman citizens.