Final answer:
The most famous victim of the Second Triumvirate's proscription was Cicero, who was targeted for his political opposition and ultimately murdered in 43 BCE.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most famous victim of the Second Triumvirate's proscription was Cicero, the renowned Roman statesman, orator, and writer. The proscriptions were a series of political purges that occurred in ancient Rome following the formation of the Second Triumvirate by Octavian (later Augustus), Mark Antony, and Lepidus in the late Roman Republic. These were lists of people who were marked for execution without trial, and their assets were often confiscated by the state. Cicero's demise came as a consequence of his opposition to the Triumvirate's power; despite his previous influential role in Roman politics, his name was included in the proscriptions, leading to his eventual murder in 43 BCE.