Final answer:
The Medina Charter granted political authority to Muhammad, but it also solidified an alliance between different tribes for defense and established a religious society that tolerated other faiths.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Medina Charter, also known as the Constitution of Medina, granted political authority to Muhammad in the city of Medina, but it also had other important functions.
First, it solidified an alliance between the previously polytheist Arabs, Jewish Arabs, and Muhammad's ummah (community) for their common defense. This allowed the different tribes to unite and protect the city and its people from external attacks.
Second, the Medina Charter established the basis for a religious society that tolerated people of other faiths. It supported the worship of the one God and ensured mutual defense for the community under Muhammad's leadership.