Question

Before beginning CPR, what are the initial steps to follow?

1) Check the scene for safety and prepare personal protective equipment
2) Check if the patient is breathing and for any occasional gasps
3) Activate EMS by calling 9-1-1 or send someone to call if available and get an AED if available
4) Check the victim's pulse

Answer 1

Initial steps before administering CPR include ensuring scene safety, assessing breathing, activating EMS, and checking for a pulse. CPR is not effective in water, so remove a drowning victim first. AEDs are available in many public places and should be used in conjunction with CPR when appropriate.

Step-by-step explanation:

Initial Steps Before Beginning CPR

Before starting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), there are critical steps that must be followed for the process to be effective and safe:

1. Check the scene for safety and prepare personal protective equipment.
2. Check if the patient is breathing and look for any occasional gasps.
3. Activate the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) by calling 9-1-1 or send someone to call. If available, get an Automated External Defibrillator (AED).
4. Check the victim's pulse.

In case of drowning, the first priority is to remove the person from the water because CPR is not effective in water, and then start CPR on stable ground. Ambulances and many public places carry AEDs, which are meant for use by both professionals and laypersons. When administering CPR, one should compress the chest at least 5 cm deep at a rate of 100 compressions per minute, as the flow of blood is maintained by applying pressure to the sternum between T4 and T9. CPR should continue until the patient shows spontaneous activity or is declared deceased by a healthcare professional.