Final answer:
The correct answer is option 1) The federal government. Arrest warrants issued by the federal government have nationwide jurisdiction, whereas state arrest warrants are generally limited to the issuing state's borders.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question deals with the scope of arrest warrants within the United States. By law, warrants of arrest typically have statewide jurisdiction and can be executed within the borders of the state in which they are issued. However, there are distinctions when it comes to federal authority. An arrest warrant issued by the federal government has nationwide scope and is not confined to the boundaries of a single state. Therefore, the correct answer to the question - warrants of arrest extend to every part of the State, except for those warrants issued by - is 1) The federal government. This is because the authority of federal warrants is derived from the Constitution and federal laws that apply throughout the United States, in contrast to state warrants which are subject to state laws.
The Constitution and various amendments, including the Bill of Rights, outline the legal framework for the issuance and execution of warrants, emphasizing the protection of individual rights such as the writ of habeas corpus, the prohibition of bills of attainder and ex post facto laws, and the requirement of probable cause for searches and arrests. The Fourth Amendment specifically protects against unreasonable searches and seizures and stipulates the requirements for a valid arrest warrant.