Final answer:
Summarizing and directly quoting both involve using information from sources to support analysis or evaluation, but the main difference lies in the use of exact language vs. condensing the words into a shorter form.
Step-by-step explanation:
Both summarizing and directly quoting involve using information from sources to support your analysis or evaluation.
The main difference between these citation methods is that when you quote, you use the exact language from the text, placing it within quotation marks. On the other hand, when you summarize, you condense the words of someone else into a shorter form while still retaining the main point and major details, using your own words.
Summarizing can be useful when specific details in the source are unimportant or irrelevant to your research question, while direct quoting is used when you want to include the author's words verbatim or when the ideas are long, complicated, or filled with jargon.