Final answer:
Antiviral agents are not generally effective in chronic viral infections due to the integration of the virus into host DNA and weak immune response.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antiviral agents are not generally effective in chronic viral infections because these infections often involve viruses that have integrated their DNA into the host cell's DNA, making it difficult for antiviral drugs to target and eliminate the virus without harming the host cell. Additionally, chronic viral infections often elicit a weak immune response, which limits the effectiveness of antiviral therapy.
The principles of antiviral therapy in chronic viral infections involve managing symptoms, preventing complications, and reducing viral load. For example, in chronic hepatitis B, antiviral drugs like lamivudine or tenofovir may be used to reduce viral replication and prevent liver damage. In HIV infection, combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is used to suppress viral replication and maintain immune function.