Final answer:
Healthcare-associated infections are transmitted through direct contact between healthcare workers and patients, and measures like proper hygiene and using PPE help reduce their transmission.
Step-by-step explanation:
HAIs, or healthcare-associated infections, are transmitted by direct contact between healthcare members and patients and between patients themselves. The ways in which HAIs can be reduced in a healthcare setting include following proper hygiene measures, using personal protective equipment (PPE), and ensuring appropriate sterilization of medical instruments and environments.