Final answer:
In an Excel document, a collection of coordinating colors is referred to as a color palette, which is used to create a consistent visual theme.
Step-by-step explanation:
The collection of coordinating colors that can be used in an Excel document is known as a color palette.
A color palette is a selected set of colors used to create a visual theme and consistency in documents, presentations, and designs. This concept mirrors the principles found in art and design, where a color palette can unify a piece of work and provide cohesiveness. In Excel, a color palette allows users to make their workbooks more visually appealing and organized, by applying a consistent set of colors to text, cells, and charts.