Final answer:
The United States is responsible for greater carbon emission pollution each year than the United Kingdom, with a significant difference in emissions. The U.S. emits 5.15 Gt of CO₂ annually, which is much higher than the UK's emissions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The country responsible for greater carbon emission pollution each year than the United Kingdom is the United States. According to recent data, while China is currently the largest emitter of CO₂, with 9.4 Gt per year, the United States comes in second at 5.15 Gt/yr. This figure is significantly higher than the UK's emissions. The U.S. has shown some progress in reducing CO₂ emissions, as indicated by a 12% reduction, or 740 million metric tons annually from 2007 to 2012. However, despite this progress, the United States still emits a vast amount of CO₂, which contributes to the greenhouse effect. Comparatively, countries like India have lower total emissions and even lower per capita emissions, highlighting the disparities in emissions between different nations.