Final answer:
An activity within the criminal justice system can be categorized into one of three components: the police (apprehension), the courts (adjudication), or corrections institutions (penalty enforcement). These components collectively handle the enforcement of laws and legal codes using various crime control approaches.
Step-by-step explanation:
When categorizing an activity under the relevant component of the criminal justice system, it's vital to understand the roles of the three main components of that system. In the United States, these are the police, the courts, and the corrections institutions. Each part plays a distinct role in the enforcement of laws and legal codes. The police are responsible for identifying and apprehending those considered criminals. The courts decide on the guilt or innocence of those accused of crimes and then sentence them. Finally, the corrections institutions, such as prisons, carry out the penalties determined by the courts. These components work together to address crime through different approaches, including retribution, incapacitation, prevention, rehabilitation, and restoration.