Final answer:
The geosphere affects organisms in the ocean by influencing temperature and providing nutrients.
Step-by-step explanation:
The geosphere, which refers to the solid Earth, has several effects on organisms that live in the ocean. One of the most significant effects is that it influences temperature. The geosphere can absorb and radiate heat, thus impacting the temperature of the water. This, in turn, affects the metabolic rates and behaviors of marine organisms. For example, warmer water temperatures can lead to increased metabolic rates, while colder water temperatures can slow down physiological processes.
Additionally, the geosphere provides nutrients to the organisms in the ocean. Nutrients, such as minerals and other substances, can be transported through rocks and soil to reach the ocean through weathering and erosion processes. These nutrients are essential for the growth and survival of marine organisms.