Final answer:
Capitalists generally advocate for the regulation of monopolies to maintain competition and protect consumers, while communists believe in the abolition of private monopolies in favor of state ownership of all economic resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
Capitalists and communists have differing views on the issue of monopolies. Capitalists believe in competition and typically argue that monopolies should be regulated to prevent anti-competitive practices that can harm consumers and the economy. This includes government measures such as blocking certain anticompetitive mergers and ending restrictive practices. On the other hand, communists, in theory, aim for common ownership of the means of production and would argue that monopolies should not exist because all means of production would be owned by the community (i.e., the state in practical application). Therefore, in a communist system, the state would control all economic resources, and there would be no place for private monopolies. Consequently, the answer to the student's question would be B) Capitalists: Regulate monopolies; Communists: Encourage monopolies, as 'encouraging monopolies' in the context of communism means a state-controlled economy without private monopolistic entities.