Final answer:
In the described experiment, the 10 mL of liquid tested for color change at various temperatures would be the dependent variable, because its color change is the factor being measured and observed as it is affected by the temperature variation, the independent variable.
Step-by-step explanation:
In an experiment where 10 mL of one specific liquid is tested repeatedly at several different temperatures for changes in color, the liquid would be considered a dependent variable. The term dependent variable refers to the aspect of an experiment that is being tested or measured; it's what the experimenter observes or measures to see if it is affected by changes in the independent variable. In this case, the color change is dependent on the temperature variation.
The independent variable is the factor that the experimenter changes to explore its effects on the dependent variable, which in this scenario would be the different temperatures applied to the liquid. It is essential to control other conditions, known as control variables, so they do not affect the outcome of the experiment. This ensures that any observed changes can be attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than external influences.