Final answer:
The correct description as materials are warmed from solid to gas is that in a solid, particles are closely packed and vibrate; in a liquid, they gain kinetic energy and move further apart; in a gas, they move even further apart with the highest kinetic energy (Option a).
Step-by-step explanation:
As a material is warmed from a solid to a liquid, and ultimately to a gas, its particles behave in different manners. In the solid phase, particles are tightly packed together and vibrate more as they are bound in a fixed position, often arranged in a regular lattice structure. When a solid is warmed and transitions to a liquid, the particles gain more kinetic energy, move further apart from one another, and are able to move past each other due to weakened intermolecular forces, which gives a liquid its ability to flow. Upon further heating, when the liquid turns to gas, the particles spread out even more dramatically and have the highest kinetic energy. The particles in a gaseous state are far apart, move freely, and have very weak attractive forces between them.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option a) "Particles move closer together and vibrate more in a solid; particles move further apart and gain more kinetic energy in a liquid; particles move even further apart and have the highest kinetic energy in a gas."