Final answer:
Air pollution is caused by the release of harmful substances from human activities, notably fossil fuel combustion, leading to various health and environmental issues. Efforts to combat pollution involve cleaner energy sources and adherence to regulations. Addressing both outdoor and indoor pollution is important for overall well-being.
Step-by-step explanation:
Air pollution is a significant environmental issue that affects human health and the global ecosystem. It is primarily caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, which release harmful substances into the atmosphere. These pollutants include particulates, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds, and lead, among others. Outdoor air pollution is evident in industrialized and rapidly industrializing nations, particularly in cities where vehicle emissions and industrial discharge are prevalent. Issues associated with air pollution include respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in humans, climate change, acid rain, ozone depletion, and damage to wildlife and vegetation. Efforts to mitigate air pollution involve using cleaner energy sources, reducing energy consumption, enforcing governmental regulations to limit emissions, and increasing public awareness about the impact of pollution. Indoor air quality can also be compromised by the release of toxic chemicals from building materials, furniture, and household activities. Therefore, addressing both outdoor and indoor air pollution is crucial for protecting public health and the environment.