Final answer:
The mastery test primarily covers the influence of Enlightenment thinkers on the US government's development and the impact of historical documents like the Magna Carta on the US Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The influences on the development of the US government covered in the mastery test can be traced back to 17th and 18th-century European Enlightenment. The Founding Fathers of the United States were significantly influenced by Enlightenment thinkers, such as Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau, who emphasized concepts like natural rights, liberty, the social contract, and the separation of powers. These ideas were fundamental in shaping the political landscape of the United States and the creation of its foundational documents, such as the Constitution.
Additionally, historical documents such as the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights had a profound impact on the development of American constitutional government by introducing concepts of liberty and the rule of law that were later incorporated into the US Constitution. The role of political parties and the effect of foreign policies on domestic governance, while significant in their own right, were developments that occurred after the initial establishment of the government and are not the primary focus of the mastery test content.