Final answer:
The 'common good' refers to the benefits for the whole community, and rules like fishing regulations safeguard finite resources for everyone's use. Public services such as fire and police also serve the common good by providing safety and security to entire communities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term "common good" refers to what is advantageous for the entire community as opposed to what benefits just an individual or a select few. This concept influences rulemaking so that the happiness and welfare of the largest number of people are considered. An example of a rule that promotes the common good is fishing regulations. These regulations ensure that the finite resource of fish in the sea is used sustainably, so that it is not overexploited by a few to the detriment of others. Similarly, public goods such as fire and police services protect the entire community; if one person's house is safe from fire or burglary, it helps to maintain the safety and security of the neighborhood as a whole.