Final answer:
The term for searching by words or phrases in any field of a record is a keyword search, which is crucial in archival research for finding relevant information.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used to refer to searching by words or phrases in any field in a record is known as d) Keyword search. This method is typically used in database searching and digital libraries to find relevant information that matches the input terms. For example, when conducting archival research, researchers often use keyword searches to quickly locate records that are relevant to their study, whether the records are stored as hardcopies or electronically.