Final answer:
The specific heat capacity is the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C. The formula provided in the choices is incorrect; the correct formula is Cp = Q / (m × ΔT), with the assumption that specific heat capacity is constant and there are no other heat exchanges.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the specific heat capacity of water, the correct formula would be regarding the heat energy transferred to or from the substance, the mass of the substance, and the change in temperature. The specific heat capacity (Cp) is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C.
The correct formula from the given options is:
Specific heat capacity = (mass of water × change in temperature) / time
However, none of the provided options accurately represent this equation. The specific heat capacity's standard formula is Q = m × Cp × ΔT, where 'Q' is the amount of heat energy transferred, 'm' is the mass of the water, 'Cp' is the specific heat capacity, and 'ΔT' is the change in temperature. Therefore, the correct representation for calculating specific heat capacity is: Cp = Q / (m × ΔT).
The assumption made here is that the specific heat capacity is consistent throughout the process and that the only heat transfer happening is due to the change in temperature of the water, ignoring any other potential heat exchanges, such as evaporation or heat transfer to the surroundings.