Question

What must be true of the concentration of potassium and sodium inside the neuron?

A) Higher concentration of potassium inside the cell and higher concentration of sodium outside the cell.

B) Higher concentration of potassium outside the cell and higher concentration of sodium inside the cell.

C) Equal concentrations of potassium and sodium inside and outside the cell.

D) Concentrations of potassium and sodium have no impact on neuron function.

Why can some ions move across membranes but others cannot?

A) Ions are selective based on their charge.

B) All ions can freely move across membranes.

C) Ions move randomly without any selectivity.

D) Membranes do not affect ion movement.

How would permeability change if types of channels in a neuron change?

A) Permeability would increase.

B) Permeability would decrease.

C) Permeability would remain constant.

D) Permeability is unrelated to channel types.

What is the purpose of having leak and gated channels for the neuron?

A) Gated channels facilitate passive diffusion.

B) Leak channels open only when the neuron is stimulated.

C) Gated channels are always open, allowing ions to move freely.

D) Leak channels are unrelated to neuron function.

What are the charges both inside and outside of the neuron before you click the stimulate neuron button?

A) Inside: Positive, Outside: Negative

B) Inside: Negative, Outside: Positive

C) Inside: Neutral, Outside: Neutral

D) Inside and outside charges are irrelevant.

What are the charges both inside and outside of the neuron after the simulation is complete?

A) Inside: Positive, Outside: Negative

B) Inside: Negative, Outside: Positive

C) Inside: Neutral, Outside: Neutral

D) Inside and outside charges remain unchanged.

What happens to the charge during the stimulation?

A) The charge becomes more positive.

B) The charge becomes more negative.

C) The charge remains the same.

D) The charge fluctuates randomly.

What happens after the gated channels close?

A) Ions move to leak channels for passive diffusion.

B) Neuron becomes inactive.

C) The charge stabilizes.

D) Membrane potential increases.

How many potassium ions move into the cell while how many sodium ions move out of the cell?

A) 2 K+ ions move in, 3 Na+ ions move out.

B) 3 K+ ions move in, 2 Na+ ions move out.

C) 2 K+ ions move in, 2 Na+ ions move out.

D) 3 K+ ions move in, 3 Na+ ions move out.

What does the yellow line represent that runs along the neuron?

A) Neuron's axon.

B) Membrane potential.

C) Intracellular fluid.

D) Extracellular fluid.

Answer 1

1. The statement which must be true of the concentration of potassium and sodium inside the neuron is that `` Higher concentration of potassium inside the cell and higher concentration of sodium outside the cell`` . So, the correct answer is A
2. Some ions can move across membranes while others cannot because ``Ions are selective based on their charge``. The correct answer is A
3. The permeability change if types of channels in a neuron change as that `Permeability would increase` So, the correct answer is A
4. Leak channels and gated channels serve different functions for the neuron. It means that `Leak channels are unrelated to neuron function.` So, the correct answer is D
5. The charges both inside and outside of the neuron before you click the stimulate neuron button is ``Inside: Negative, Outside: Positive.` So, the correct answer is B
6. The charges both inside and outside of the neuron after the simulation is complete, is `` Inside: Positive, Outside: Negative`` So, the correct answer is A
7. During the stimulation,`` the charge becomes more positive``. So, the correct answer is A
8. After the gated channels close, ``the charge stabilizes``. So, the correct answer is C
9. The potassium ions of ``2 K⁺ ions move`` in the cell while ``3 Na⁺ ions move out`` of the cell. So, the correct answer is A) 2 K⁺ ions move in, 3 Na⁺ ions move out.
10. The yellow line that runs along the neuron represents the`` membrane potential``, which is the voltage across the cell membrane. So, the correct answer is B

Step-by-step explanation:

1) The statement that must be true of the concentration of potassium and sodium inside the neuron is that there is a higher concentration of potassium inside the cell and a higher concentration of sodium outside the cell. This statement is correct because of the active transport mechanisms that maintain the concentration gradients of these ions.

• So, the correct answer is A

2) The concentration of sodium ions is higher outside the neuron. This is due to the same sodium-potassium pump, which helps establish and maintain the concentration gradient by actively pumping sodium ions out of the cell.

• So, the correct answer is A

3) The statement that the permeability would increase if the types of channels in a neuron change is correct. Different types of channels in a neuron serve different functions and contribute to the permeability of the cell membrane.

• So, the correct answer is A

4) Leak channels are channels that are always open and allow ions to pass through the membrane at a constant rate. They contribute to the resting membrane potential and help maintain the concentration gradients of ions inside and outside the neuron.

Gated channels, on the other hand, are channels that can be opened or closed in response to specific stimuli. They play a crucial role in generating and propagating action potentials, which are electrical signals in neurons.

• So, the correct answer is D

5) The statement that the charges both inside and outside of the neuron before clicking the stimulate neuron button are "Inside: Negative, Outside: Positive" is correct. In a resting state, the inside of the neuron is negatively charged compared to the outside. This difference in charge is due to the distribution of ions across the cell membrane.

• So, the correct answer is B

6) The correct answer that the charges both inside and outside of the neuron after the simulation is complete are "Inside: Positive, Outside: Negative" is also correct. During an action potential, the membrane potential briefly becomes positive inside the neuron.

• So, the correct answer is B

7) The statement that during the stimulation, the charge becomes more positive is correct. When a neuron is stimulated, such as by the opening of voltage-gated channels during an action potential, positively charged ions, such as sodium ions, flow into the neuron. This influx of positive ions leads to depolarization, causing the charge inside the neuron to become more positive.

• So, the correct answer is A

8) After the gated channels close, the statement that the charge stabilizes is also correct. Once the action potential is generated and reaches its peak, the voltage-gated channels responsible for allowing the influx of positive ions close. This closure prevents further movement of ions across the membrane, leading to a stabilization of the charge inside the neuron.

• So, the correct answer is C

9) The given statement mentions that "2 K+ ions move in" while "3 Na⁺ ions move out" of the cell. This means that potassium ions (K⁺) are moving into the cell, while sodium ions (Na⁺) are moving out of the cell.

• So, the correct answer is A

10) Regarding the yellow line along the neuron, it represents the "membrane potential." The membrane potential refers to the voltage across the cell membrane. It is created by the difference in ion concentration and the selective permeability of the cell membrane.

• So, the correct answer is B