Final answer:
An interval is the distance between two pitches; small intervals create a conjunct melody, while large intervals produce a disjunct melody. Pitch is the perception of frequency, and musical notes are the sounds produced by instruments.
Step-by-step explanation:
An interval is the distance between two pitches. A melody that moves by small intervals is described as conjunct, and a melody that moves by large intervals is described as disjunct. The perception of frequency is what we refer to as pitch, and our ability to distinguish between different pitches is quite refined. Normally, we can perceive a difference when two frequencies vary by 0.3% or more. This discernment is part of what musicians and listeners use when they identify and enjoy music. Musical notes like A-sharp, C, or E-flat, are specific sounds produced by instruments and are the basic units of music, which combine to create tunes.