Final answer:
The five steps of the nursing process according to the ANA are Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation. These steps ensure the delivery of effective patient care and involves a structured team communication to address patient's surgery and recovery concerns.
Step-by-step explanation:
The American Nurses Association (ANA) identified the five steps of the nursing process as follows:
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Planning
- Implementation
- Evaluation
This standardized approach is fundamental in providing effective patient care. During the assessment phase, nurses gather information about the patient's physical, psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, economic, and life-style factors. The diagnosis step is where nurses interpret data and identify problems, followed by planning to set goals of care and desired outcomes while identifying appropriate nursing actions. Implementation involves carrying out the plan, and evaluation is the process of determining if the goals are achieved.
Effective team communication is essential within the nursing process. Important tasks include the nurse reviewing items with the team, such as:
- Verification of procedure name, counts of needles, sponges, and instruments
- Labeling of specimens with patient's name
- Confirming any equipment issues
Also, the team, including the surgeon, nurse, and anesthesiologist, should review aloud key concerns for the patient’s recovery and care.
The nursing staff is also responsible for the confirmation of sterility, ensuring equipment availability, and addressing other concerns. Building a collaborative work environment through such structured communication measures is an integral part of the nursing process and patient care.