Final answer:
As of 2014, two African Americans have served on the U.S. Supreme Court: Justice Thurgood Marshall and Justice Clarence Thomas. The correct answer is 2) option.
Step-by-step explanation:
As of 2014, there have been two African Americans who have served on the U.S. Supreme Court. These two esteemed individuals are Justice Thurgood Marshall, who was the first African American appointed to the court, serving from 1967 to 1991, and Justice Clarence Thomas, who was appointed in 1991 and continues to serve on the court. It's significant to note that the membership of the Supreme Court has evolved over the years, reflecting a shift towards a more diverse judiciary. The Court, as defined by law, consists of one chief justice and eight associate justices. These nine justices serve lifetime terms, subject to nomination by the president and confirmation by the Senate.
The correct answer is 2) one. As of 2014, one African American had served on the U.S. Supreme Court. This refers to Justice Thurgood Marshall, who was appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1967 and served until 1991. He was the first African American to serve on the Supreme Court.