Final answer:
In its first 150 years, the federal government expanded rapidly, increasing in scope and power, with a growing role in national policy creation and economics, as well as asserting its supremacy over state governments.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the first 150 years of American history, the federal government expanded rapidly. While it started with few responsibilities under the Articles of Confederation, during the nineteenth century, with the adoption of the Constitution, the role of the national government grew. Early on, there was a division between supporters of a strong national government and those who favored state sovereignty. Over time, as the U.S. faced external threats and internal growth, the powers of the federal government expanded. Notable points of expansion during this period include the establishment of the principle of national supremacy through the Supreme Court and the concept of dual federalism, where state and national governments operate in clearly defined jurisdictions.
By observing the changes in the government's role, especially as it concerned economic policies and territorial expansions, one can conclude that the federal government grew in both scope and power. This was also evidenced by federal spending surpassing state spending after 1940, signaling the ever-increasing influence and responsibilities taken on by the federal government. Additionally, this period saw struggles between state and federal governments over jurisdiction, with the prevalence of a dynamic that constantly tested the balance between state powers and the unifying national strength,