Final answer:
The exact number of Chinese government officials who are convicted of corruption and go to jail annually is not provided in the resources, but it is clear that the anti-corruption campaign has been extensive and has targeted various officials within guanxi networks. The campaign reflects a broader set of issues related to human rights and the Chinese government's policy toward dissidents.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Dr. Minxin Pei from the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the crackdown on corruption in China led by the Chinese government has led to a significant number of government officials being investigated and charged with corruption-related offenses. However, detailed numbers regarding how many of those convicted of corruption actually serve jail time are not clearly specified in the available extracts. What is evident from the sources is that the anti-corruption campaign has targeted a multitude of officials, including high-ranking ones, and that these efforts relate to a broader context of curbing practices intertwined with the extensive guanxi networks in Chinese governance.
The concept of corruption in historical China, notably during the Han dynasty and beyond, related to the misuse of public office for personal gain. Port officials could profit immensely due to their geographic distance from the capital's central control. The Ministry of Investigation or Censorate was notably active during these times, impeaching officials who did not follow regulations.
In modern times, the Chinese government's anti-corruption efforts also interact with their policies on human rights, which have drawn international concern over various alleged violations, including the denial of free press and lack of an independent judiciary. Political dissidents, like the artist Ai Weiwei, have faced arrest under charges of "economic crimes," highlighting the broader human rights issues tied to the state's crackdown on dissent.