Final answer:
A complex interaction of neurons that processes information is known as a neural network. Signals between neurons are transmitted via neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft. This is fundamental to the functioning of the nervous system, which integrates sensory input and cognitive processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The complex interaction of neurons working together to integrate and organize incoming and outgoing information is referred to as a neural network.
A signal is transferred from one neuron to another across a small gap called the synaptic cleft. When an action potential reaches the end of an axon, neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft.
These chemical messengers bind to receptors on the post-synaptic neuron's membrane, potentially initiating a new action potential in the receiving neuron if enough neurotransmitter is present. Integration within the nervous system functions to combine sensory perceptions and higher cognitive functions to produce a response.