Final answer:
This section covers the exploration and colonization of the Americas by European powers, including the motives of explorers, encounters with indigenous empires, and the impact on Native Americans.
Step-by-step explanation:
The section about borderlands, Bartolomé de las Casas, Hernán Cortés, Moctezuma II, Francisco Pizarro, conquistadors, encomienda system, and plantations covers the exploration and colonization of the Americas by European powers. Explorers like Hernán Cortés and Francisco Pizarro ventured to Meso and South America with the motive of finding wealth and expanding their empires. The Spanish encountered the Aztec and Inca Empires and employed various tactics to conquer them. The encounter between the Old World and the New resulted in the exchange of crops, animals, diseases, and interactions between the conquistadors and Native Americans. The encomienda system and plantations played a role in the labor and governance of the colonies, while Bartolomé de las Casas criticized the abuses of the system by Spanish colonizers.