Final answer:
Microfilaments provide the basis for changes in cell shape and locomotion. They are slender protein structures found in the cytoplasm of cells, providing rigidity and shape. Microfilaments depolymerize and reform quickly, enabling cells to change shape and move.
Step-by-step explanation:
The basis for changes in cell shape and locomotion is provided by microfilaments. Microfilaments are slender protein structures found in the cytoplasm of cells. They provide rigidity and shape to cells and can depolymerize and reform quickly, allowing cells to change shape and move.
Microfilaments, also known as actin filaments, are involved in various cellular processes, such as cell division, cytoplasmic streaming, and muscle movement. They polymerize and depolymerize in response to cellular signals and interact with molecular motors in different types of eukaryotic cells.
For example, in the case of cell locomotion, temporary extensions of the cytoplasmic membrane called pseudopodia are formed through the forward flow of soluble actin filaments, resulting in the movement of cells. The remaining cytoplasm flows up to join the leading edge of the pseudopodium, creating forward locomotion.