Final answer:
Supercomputer allows us to maintain extensive records and retrieve that data quickly.
Step-by-step explanation:
The device that has made it possible for digital computers to efficiently process large amounts of information is a supercomputer.
Supercomputers are capable of processing and analysing massive datasets, as evident in projects like the Sloan Survey, where scientists managed over 15 terabytes of data. These powerful machines, along with advanced computer algorithms, allow for the efficient organization and retrieval of information. Not only do they assist in tasks such as the Sloan Survey's astronomical data analysis, but they also facilitate archival research and improve systems like health record sharing to enhance care quality and reduce healthcare costs.