Final answer:
A Geiger counter should be calibrated at least annually, but more frequent calibration may be required for intensive use or in critical applications. Calibration is also recommended after service, repair, or events that could impact the device's performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
A Geiger counter, also known as a Geiger-Mueller counter, is a device that detects and measures radiation by the ionization produced in a Geiger-Müller tube. It provides a sensitive means of detecting radioactivity, changing the electrical potential in the tube when radiation enters, which in turn produces a change in voltage in the electrical circuit and registers as a count. Given the critical role that Geiger counters play in radiation detection, it is essential to ensure that they are properly calibrated to maintain accuracy in their readings.
The frequency of calibration can vary depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, the intensity of use, and the specific application they are used for. However, as a general guideline, Geiger counters should be calibrated at least annually to ensure their readings remain within acceptable accuracy ranges. For Geiger counters used in critical applications or highly regulated industries, more frequent calibration, such as every six months, might be required. In addition to the fixed schedule, recalibration is also recommended if the device has been serviced or repaired, as well as after any incident that may affect its performance, such as physical shocks or exposure to high radiation levels.
In summary, to quantify the rate of ionization radiation accurately, regular and proper calibration of Geiger counters is necessary for reliable operation.