Final answer:
The material consisting of fluid, protein, and immune cells that leaves the capillaries and enters the interstitial space during inflammation is called exudate.
Step-by-step explanation:
During inflammation, increased fluid, protein, and immune cells leave the capillaries and enter the interstitial space. This material is called exudate. Thus, the correct answer to your question is option a. exudate.
The inflammatory response includes a sequence of events wherein chemicals such as cytokines and histamines cause the capillaries to dilate and become more permeable. Increased vascular permeability allows fluids, proteins such as complement proteins, and immune cells like leukocytes to leave the bloodstream and move into the surrounding tissue. This process, which involves the movement of white blood cells such as neutrophils and macrophages, is crucial for attacking pathogens and initiating tissue repair. The accumulation of this fluid and cellular material, known as exudate, contributes to the swelling and pain associated with inflammation.