Final answer:
New drivers learn to stop at red lights through a form of associative learning known as classical conditioning, where the red light serves as a conditioned stimulus resulting in the conditioned response of stopping.
Step-by-step explanation:
New drivers learn to stop at red lights through a form of associative learning, which could be either classical conditioning or operant conditioning. Since the red light serves as a signal that leads to the learned response of stopping, a driver's learning to stop at a red light is best described as conditioned response in the context of classical conditioning. This is because the red light (conditioned stimulus) is associated with the response of stopping, which has been learned as a result of this association, similar to how Pavlov's dogs learned to salivate (conditioned response) at the sound of a bell (conditioned stimulus) when it was repeatedly paired with the presentation of food (unconditioned stimulus).
Therefore, new drivers learning to stop at red lights can be described as conditioned learning, where the stimulus is the red light and the response is the action of stopping.