Final answer:
In operant conditioning, an instrumental response that produces a favorable consequence is more likely to occur frequently.
Step-by-step explanation:
In operant conditioning, an instrumental response that produces a favorable consequence is more likely to occur frequently (option b).
An instrumental response refers to a behavior that an organism performs in order to receive a desired outcome. When this behavior leads to a favorable consequence, such as receiving a reward or reinforcement, it reinforces the likelihood of the behavior being repeated in the future.
For example, if a student studies hard for an exam and receives a high grade as a result, the instrumental response of studying hard is reinforced, increasing the likelihood of studying hard for future exams. This is known as the process of reinforcement in operant conditioning.