Final Answer:
Norms that govern everyday behavior but that are not strictly enforced with potential severe penalties are called folkways.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term "folkways" refers to societal norms that guide everyday behavior but lack strict enforcement mechanisms or severe penalties for non-compliance. Unlike more formalized norms or laws, folkways are characterized by their subtle influence on social interactions, shaping conventional practices without the imposition of significant consequences. These norms are ingrained in cultural expectations and are typically followed for the sake of tradition and social cohesion rather than legal obligation or fear of severe punishment.
To elaborate, folkways are the unwritten rules of conduct that govern daily life, covering aspects such as etiquette, manners, and customary practices. Unlike mores, which are more deeply ingrained cultural values with stronger consequences for violation, folkways are more lenient and adaptable. They represent the informal fabric of societal expectations, fostering a sense of shared understanding and reinforcing community standards without the need for stringent enforcement. The term "folkways" captures the idea that these norms arise organically from the "folk" or people, reflecting collective habits and customs that contribute to the social order.
In essence, understanding folkways is crucial in sociological and anthropological contexts, as it sheds light on the nuanced dynamics of societal norms. Recognizing the existence of these less formalized but influential guidelines helps in comprehending the intricate tapestry of human behavior, emphasizing the role of shared expectations and customary practices in maintaining social harmony.