Final answer:
The true statement is that vitamins are organic micronutrients required in small quantities. Fat-soluble vitamins can accumulate in the body, unlike water-soluble vitamins, which are excreted if consumed in excess.
Step-by-step explanation:
Of the options presented, the statement that is true is: Vitamins are organic micronutrients. Vitamins are essential for the body's normal physiological functions and are required in small quantities. They are generally obtained through diet and are categorized into two types: fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins.
Fat-soluble vitamins, including A, D, E, and K, are stored in the body's lipid stores and are not easily excreted. Hence, they can accumulate and potentially lead to hypervitaminosis if consumed in excess. In contrast, water-soluble vitamins, such as the B-complex vitamins and vitamin C, are not stored in the body and any excess is excreted in the urine.
Therefore, the statements that vitamins D and A are water-soluble, and that the body excretes fat-soluble vitamins more easily than water-soluble vitamins, are incorrect. Also, foods do not generally supply larger amounts of vitamins than proteins or carbohydrates; rather, vitamins are needed in much smaller quantities compared to these macronutrients.