Final answer:
The brachial, femoral, renal, and splenic arteries are examples of systemic arteries, responsible for distributing oxygen-rich blood from the heart to various parts of the body including upper arms, lower limbs, kidneys, and spleen, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The brachial, femoral, renal, and splenic arteries are examples of systemic arteries. These arteries are part of the body's circulatory system and are responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood from the heart to various tissues and organs throughout the body.
The brachial artery is a major blood vessel of the upper arm, which is the distal branch of the axillary artery. The femoral artery, located in the thigh, is one of the largest arteries in the body, the main arterial supply to the lower limb. The renal artery branches off from the abdominal aorta and supplies the kidneys with blood. The splenic artery arises from the celiac trunk and supplies blood to the spleen.
All these arteries exhibit high elasticity due to their proximity to the heart. For instance, as branches of the aortic arch like the brachiocephalic artery, they need to be able to accommodate the high pressure and volume of blood ejected from the heart with each beat.