Final answer:
Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) is the B vitamin that functions in the addition of carbon dioxide during metabolism, as it's part of coenzyme A which is essential for the formation of acetyl CoA, a vital compound in glucose catabolism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The B vitamin that functions in the addition of carbon dioxide to other compounds during metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids is Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5). This vitamin is a component of coenzyme A (CoA), which is crucial for the formation of acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA is integral to the catabolism of glucose as it delivers the acetyl group derived from pyruvate to the next pathway in this process, playing a significant role in cellular respiration.
Vitamin B5 assists in producing energy from foods, especially lipids, and is an essential component of coenzyme A. Without it, key biochemical processes including the synthesis of fatty acids, metabolism of carbohydrates, and the synthesis of cholesterol, cannot take place effectively.
It is important to consume adequate amounts of Pantothenic acid, as it is a principal vitamin for processing amino acids and lipids, and helps convert nutrients into energy, thus maintaining the body's proper physiological functions.