Final answer:
President Bush and FEMA were heavily criticized for their inadequate response to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, which highlighted issues of federalism, racial and economic inequalities, and contributed to declining public support for Bush's administration.
Step-by-step explanation:
Response to Hurricane Katrina When Hurricane Katrina hit on August 29, 2005, it brought to light the limits of the federal government under President George W. Bush's administration in terms of homeland security and emergency response. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), then headed by Michael D. Brown, was criticized for its uncoordinated response and inefficacy in managing the disaster despite warnings and the critical need for a robust response. The inadequate protection against hurricanes, especially in economically marginalized and predominantly African American communities, primarily in New Orleans, demonstrated the racial and economic inequalities present. The failure of both state and federal agencies to prepare adequately and respond effectively to the disaster, including FEMA and the Bush administration, received widespread criticism and highlighted the frailties of U.S. federalism at a time of crisis. President Bush was scrutinized for the government's delayed and ineffective response, which became a significant issue during his second term, affecting public perception and contributing to the Democratic gains in the 2006 midterm elections.