Final answer:
The superior border of the temporal lobe is marked by the lateral sulcus, which separates it from the frontal and parietal lobes, and the correct answer is (c) superior temporal gyrus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The superior border of the temporal lobe is marked by the lateral sulcus, which is a surface landmark of the cerebral cortex that marks the boundary between the temporal lobe and the frontal and parietal lobes. The temporal lobe plays a crucial role in processing auditory information, emotions, and memory formation, housing the primary auditory cortex as well as being a part of the limbic system. The correct answer to the question, therefore, is (c) superior temporal gyrus, which is located superior to the lateral sulcus and is involved in auditory processing and language function.