Final answer:
The Union financed its army during the Civil War through taxes, tariffs, war bonds, and printing paper money. These measures provided the monetary means needed to supply its army with products and equipment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Union financed its army during the Civil War through various means. Congress implemented several strategies including levying taxes on the income of the wealthy and on inheritances, imposing high tariffs, and passing the National Bank Acts of 1863 and 1864 to issue war bonds.
Additionally, the Legal Tender Act of 1862 led to the printing of paper money, known as greenbacks. These measures, along with the sale of war bonds and individual contributions, provided the monetary means for the Union to acquire the products and equipment needed to supply its army.