Final answer:
In the construction of the new Tacoma bridge, planning, scheduling, and controlling were vital for ensuring the bridge's design was robust and resilient, especially after learning lessons from the collapse of the original bridge in 1940 due to resonance issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
Planning, scheduling, and controlling are critical components in the field of engineering, especially when it comes to complex projects such as the construction of bridges. When building the newest Tacoma bridge, these elements would have played an essential role. Planning involves the initial design and engineering where factors such as load, wind resistance, and materials are considered. Mathematical tools are used to analyze waves and resonances to ensure stability. Scheduling is crucial for the timely procurement of materials, coordination of labor, and overall project management to keep the construction on track. Finally, controlling involves the ongoing oversight during the construction process to ensure that everything adheres to the plans and to make adjustments as needed due to unforeseen circumstances or changes in the project scope.
Given the disastrous outcome of the original Tacoma Narrows Bridge in 1940 due to a flawed design process, the importance of these elements cannot be overstated. The original bridge's collapse highlighted the need for comprehensive planning and application of scientific principles in the design process. Lessons learned from such failures lead to more stringent control measures in subsequent projects to prevent similar outcomes.