Final answer:
In equations involving multiplication or operations with a common factor or operand, like A × F = B × F, we cannot conclude that A = B unless we have additional information that allows us to isolate A and B on each side of the equation.
Step-by-step explanation:
When working with the equation A × F = B × F, we cannot immediately conclude that A = B because each side of the equation is being multiplied by F. If F is not zero, we can divide both sides by F to get A = B. However, if F equals zero, the equation holds true for any A and B, so we cannot conclude that A equals B without additional information.
Regarding the equation A ∘ F = B ∘ F (presumably meant to be A AND F equals B AND F), we face a similar situation as before; we cannot conclude that A equals B without knowing more about F.
In the case of F ∅ A = BF, this notation is not standard. If this is meant to represent an equation where F is operated with A on the left and B on the right, we still cannot conclude that A = B without additional information about the operation and the operands.