Question

5. Assign oxidation numbers to each atom in the following compounds. I: a) HI: H: b) c) GeS2: Ge: d) KH: K: e) As20s: As: D) H3PO.: H: S: H: O P O 0 g) NOs: N: h) CIO.: CI: 0

Answer 1

In order to assign oxidation numbers to each atom in compounds, you need to know the rules. The oxidation number of hydrogen is usually +1, and the oxidation number of oxygen is usually -2. By applying these rules, we can assign oxidation numbers to the atoms in the given compounds. a) HI: H: +1, I: -1, b) GeS₂: Ge: +4, S: -2, c) KH: K: +1, H: -1, d) As₂O₅: As: +5, O: -2, e) H₃PO₄: H: +1, P: +5, O: -2, f) NO₃⁻: N: +5, O: -2, g) NO₂: N: +4, O: -2, h) ClO₃⁻: Cl: +5, O: -2

Step-by-step explanation:

In order to assign oxidation numbers to each atom in a compound, you need to know the rules for assigning oxidation numbers. Here are the oxidation number rules:

1. The oxidation number of a free element is always 0.
2. The oxidation number of a monatomic ion is equal to its charge.
3. The oxidation number of hydrogen in most compounds is +1, but it is -1 in compounds with less electronegative elements.
4. The oxidation number of oxygen in most compounds is -2, but it is -1 in peroxides and compounds with more electronegative elements.
5. The sum of oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is 0.
6. The sum of oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion is equal to its charge.

Using these rules, we can assign oxidation numbers to each atom in the given compounds:

a) HI: H: +1, I: -1

b) GeS₂: Ge: +4, S: -2

c) KH: K: +1, H: -1

d) As₂O₅: As: +5, O: -2

e) H₃PO₄: H: +1, P: +5, O: -2

f) NO₃⁻: N: +5, O: -2

g) NO2: N: +4, O: -2

h) ClO₃⁻: Cl: +5, O: -2