Final answer:
TTL and CMOS technologies in ICs differ in power consumption, speed, and voltage levels. TTL utilizes bipolar transistors and consumes more power but provides faster switching speeds, while CMOS uses less power due to its field-effect transistors and features greater logic gate density on chips.
Step-by-step explanation:
The differences between TTL and CMOS technology in integrated circuits (ICs) primarily involve power consumption, input and output voltage levels, speed, and noise immunity. TTL, which stands for Transistor-Transistor Logic, uses bipolar transistors for switching and requires more power compared to CMOS technology. It operates at higher power and with faster switching speeds. CMOS, or Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, uses field-effect transistors (FETs), specifically PMOS and NMOS transistors in a complementary way, which allows for much lower power consumption especially when in a static state. CMOS circuits generally work with a wider range of power supply voltages and offer greater density for logic gates on a chip. However, TTL typically has faster switching times for circuits operating at their designated power supply levels though modern CMOS technologies have narrowed this gap significantly.
Both technologies have been vital for the advancement of digital electronics, influencing computer design and functionality. Integrated circuits, which contain numerous transistors etched onto a piece of silicon, benefit from both TTL's fast computation capability and CMOS's low power consumption and ability to scale down in physical size, which contributes to modern computer miniaturization and efficiency.