Final answer:
The parliamentary system is designed to avoid the prolonged conflict between the executive and legislative branches due to the interdependent nature of these branches in parliamentary democracies. Frequent changes in government are not a problem the system avoids but are a feature of its structure, which is responsive to changes in party or coalition support.
Step-by-step explanation:
The parliamentary government system is designed to avoid prolonged conflict between the executive and legislative branches. In a parliamentary system, the prime minister, who is the head of the executive branch, is elected by the legislative branch and must maintain the support of the majority of its members. This interdependency ensures that the executive and the legislative branches work cooperatively to pass legislation, as the prime minister and majority party or coalition are usually in alignment. This contrasts with a presidential system, where the executive and legislative branches are separate, and can be controlled by different parties leading to potential conflicts.
However, the parliamentary system can lead to frequent changes in government if the ruling party or coalition loses its majority, which might occur due to internal conflicts or a vote of no confidence. This could necessitate new elections and subsequently, a new legislature and executive. While this can happen, it is not a problem that parliamentary government aims to avoid; rather, it is a feature of the system that allows for governmental adjustments in response to shifts in legislative support.
Lastly, parliamentary systems are not specifically designed to address abuse of power by the legislative branch or to balance the power between central and local governments; each system has its own mechanisms for these issues independent of its parliamentary or presidential nature.