Question

Given at room temperature the static dielectric constant of water (H₂O) as 80 , its high frequency dielectric cdastant (due to electronic polarization) as 4 , its density as 10³kg/m³ and molecular mass is Mₘₒₗ=18×10⁻³ kgmol⁻¹. Predict the permanent dipole moment p₀ value per water molecule. Assuming that it is the orientational and electronic polarization of individual molecules that gives rise to the dielectric constant.

Answer 1

The polar character of water molecules explains its large dielectric constant, and the permanent dipole moment per water molecule can be calculated using the given information.

Step-by-step explanation:

The polar character of water molecules helps to explain water's relatively large dielectric constant. Water is a polar molecule, with the oxygen end slightly negative and the hydrogen end slightly positive. This polarity allows water molecules to easily align along an external electric field, resulting in a large dielectric constant.

The permanent dipole moment (p₀) per water molecule can be calculated using the formula p₀ = M/m * sqrt(ε₀/εᵣ), where M is the molecular mass, m is the Avogadro's number, ε₀ is the vacuum permittivity, and εᵣ is the relative permittivity. Substituting the given values, p₀ can be calculated.